Taboo's critical literary discussions about Ernest Hemingway, Hermann Hesse, T.S. Eliot, Flannery O'Connor, Franz Kafka, and many other authors. Links to full story texts and critical discussions.
So finally I would write one true sentence, and then go on from there. It was easy then
because there was always one true sentence that I knew or had seen or had heard someone say.
If I started to write elaborately, or like someone introducing or presenting something, I
found that I could cut that scrollwork or ornament out and throw it away and start with the
first true simple declarative sentence I had written.
--A Moveable Feast
The Writer's Process:
The best way is always to stop when you are going good and when you know what will happen
next. If you are going good and when you know what will happen next. If you do that every
day when you are writing a novel you will never be stuck.
--By-Line: Ernest Hemingway
It was necessary to get exercise, to be tired in the body, and it was very good to make love
with whom you loved. That was better than anything. But afterwards, when you were empty,
it was necessary to read in order not to think or worry about your work until you could do
it again. I had learned already never to empty the well of my writing, but always to stop
when there was still something there in the deep part of the well, and let it refill at
night from the springs that fed it.
--A Moveable Feast
Our writers when they have made some money increase their standard of living and they are
caught. They have to write to keep up their establishments, their wives, and so on, and
they write slop. It is slop not on purpose but because it is hurried. Because they write
when there is nothing to say or no water in the well. Because they are ambitious. Then,
once they have betrayed themselves, they justify it and you get more slop. Or else they
read critics.
--Green Hills of Africa
A long time ago I found it was bad to discuss work you are engaged on. I know it does not
work that way with all writers. But that is the way it works with me. It is not followed
to be rude nor to be mysterious. It is a system of working.
--From New York Times Book Review (July 31, 1949), as
printed in Conversations with Ernest Hemingway
In going where you have to go, and doing what you have to do, and seeing what you have to
see, you dull the instrument you write with. But I would rather have it bent and dull and
know I had to put it to the grindstone again and again and hammer it into shape and put a
whetstone to it, and know that I had something to write about, than to have it bright and
shining, and nothing to say, or smooth and well-oiled in the closet, but unused.
--Hemingway's Preface to The Short Stories: The First
Forty-Nine Stories with a Brief Preface by the Author
His mouth dry, his heart down, Nick reeled
in. He had never seen so big a trout. There was a heaviness, a
power not to be held, and then the bulk of him, as he jumped. He
looked as broad as a salmon.
Nick's hand was shaky. He reeled in slowly.
The thrill had been too much. He felt, vaguely, a little sick, as
though it would be better to sit down.
--"Big Two-Hearted River: Part II"
In the morning the sun was up and the tent
was starting to get hot. Nick crawled out under the mosquito
netting stretched across the mouth of the tent, to look at the
morning. The grass was wet on his hands as he came out. The sun
was just up over the hill. There was the meadow, the river and
the swamp. There were birch trees in the green of the swamp on
the other side of the river.
The river was clear and smoothly fast in
the early morning. Down about two hundred yards were three logs
all the way across the stream. They made the water smooth and
deep above them. As Nick watched, a mink crossed the river on the
logs and went into the swamp. Nick was excited. He was excited by
the early morning and the river. He was really too hurried to eat
breakfast, but he knew he must. He built a little fire and put on
the coffee pot.
While the water was heating in the pot he
took an empty bottle and went down over the edge of the high
ground to the meadow. The meadow was wet with dew and Nick wanted
to catch grasshoppers for bait before the sun dried the grass. He
found plenty of good grasshoppers. They were at the base of the
grass stems. Sometimes they clung to a grass stems. They were
cold and wet with the dew, and could not jump until the sun
warmed them. Nick picked them up, taking only the medium-sized
brown ones, and put them into the bottle. He turned over a log
and just under the shelter of the edge were several hundred
hoppers. It was a grasshopper lodging house. Nick put about fifty
of the medium browns into the bottle. While he was picking up the
hoppers the others warmed in the sun and commenced to hop away.
They flew when they hopped. At first they made one flight and
stayed stiff when they landed, as though they were dead.
Nick knew that by the time he was through
with breakfast they would be as lively as ever. Without dew in
the grass it would take him all day to catch a bottle full of
good grasshoppers and he would have to crush many of them,
slamming at them with his hat. He washed his hands at the stream.
He was excited to be near it. Then he walked up to the tent. The
hoppers were already jumping stiffly in the grass. In the bottle,
warmed by the sun, they were jumping in a mass. Nick put in a
pine stick as a cork. It plugged the mouth of the bottle enough,
so the hoppers could not get out and left plenty of air
passage.
He had rolled the log back and knew he
could get grasshoppers there every morning.
Nick laid the bottle full of jumping
grasshoppers against a pine trunk. Rapidly he mixed some
buckwheat flour with water and stirred it smooth, one cup of
flour, one cup of water. He put a handful of coffee in the pot
and dipped a lump of grease out of a can and slid it sputtering
across the hot skillet. The smoking skillet he poured smoothly
the buckwheat batter. It spread like lava, the grease spitting
sharply. Around the edges the buckwheat cake began to firm, then
brown, then crisp. The surface was bubbling slowly to porousness.
Nick pushed under the browned under surface with a fresh pine
chip. He shook the skillet sideways and the cake was loose on the
surface. I won't try and flop it, he thought. He slid the chip of
clean wood all the way under the cake, and flopped it over onto
its face. It sputtered in the pan.
When it was cooked Nick regreased the
skillet. He used all the batter. It made another big flapjack and
one smaller one.
Nick ate a big flapjack and a smaller one,
covered with apple butter. He put apple butter on the third cake,
folded it over twice, wrapped it in oiled paper and put it in his
shirt pocket. He put the apple butter jar back in the pack and
cut bread for two sandwiches.
In the pack he found a big onion. He sliced
it in two and peeled the silky outer skin. Then he cut one half
into slices and made onion sandwiches. He wrapped them in oiled
paper and buttoned them in the other pocket of his khaki shirt.
He turned the skillet upside down on the grill, drank the coffee,
sweetened and yellow brown with the condensed milk in it, and
tidied up the camp. It was a good camp.
Nick took his fly rod out of the leather
rod-case, jointed it, and shoved the rod-case back into the tent.
He put on the reel and threaded the line through the guides. He
had to hold it from hand to hand, as he threaded it, or it would
slip back through its own weight. It was a heavy, double tapered
fly line. Nick had paid eight dollars for it a long time ago. It
was made heavy to lift back in the air and come forward flat and
heavy and straight to make it possible to cast a fly which has no
weight. Nick opened the aluminum leader box. The leaders were
coiled between the damp flannel pads. Nick had wet the pads at
the water cooler on the train up to St. Ignace. In the damp pads
the gut leaders had softened and Nick unrolled one and tied it by
a loop at the end to the heavy fly line. He fastened a hook on
the end of the leader. It was a small hook; very thin and
springy.
Nick took it from his hook book, sitting
with the rod across his lap. He tested the knot and the spring of
the rod by pulling the line taut. It was a good feeling. He was
careful not to let the hook bite into his finger.
He started down to the stream, holding his
rod, the bottle of grasshoppers hung from his neck by a thong
tied in half hitches around the neck of the bottle. His landing
net hung by a hook from his belt. Over his shoulder was a long
flour sack tied at each corner into an ear. The cord went over
his shoulder. The sack slapped against his legs.
Nick felt awkward and professionally happy
with all his equipment hanging: from him. The grasshopper bottle
swung against his chest. In his shirt the breast pockets bulged
against him with the lunch and the fly book.
He stepped into the stream. It was a shock.
His trousers clung tight to his legs. His shoes felt the gravel.
The water was a rising cold shock.
Rushing, the current sucked against his
legs. Where he stepped in, the water was over his knees. He waded
with the current. The gravel slipt under his shoes. He looked
down at the swirl of water below each leg and tipped up the
bottle to get a grasshopper. The first grasshopper gave a jump in
the neck of the bottle and went out into the water. He was sucked
under in the whirl by Nick's right leg and came to the surface a
little way down stream. He floated rapidly, kicking. In a quick
circle, breaking the smooth surface of the water, he disappeared.
A trout had taken him.
Another hopper poked his face out of the
bottle. His antennas wavered. He was getting his front legs out
of the bottle to jump. Nick took him by the head and held him
while he threaded the slim hook under his chin, down through his
thorax and into the last segments of his abdomen. The grasshopper
took hold of the hook with his front feet, spitting tobacco juice
on it. Nick dropped him into the water.
Holding the rod in his right hand he let
out line against the pull of the grasshopper in the current. He
stripped off line from the reel with his left hand and let it run
free. He could see the hopper in the little waves of the current.
It went out of sight.
There was a tug on the line. Nick pulled
against the taut line. It was his first strike. Holding the now
living rod across the current, he hauled in the line with his
left hand. The rod bent in jerks, the trout pulling against the
current. Nick knew it was a small one. He lifted the rod straight
up in the air. It bowed with the pull.
He saw the trout in the water jerking with
his head and body against the shifting tangent of the line in the
stream.
Nick took the line in his left hand and
pulled the trout, thumping tiredly against the current, to the
surface. His back was mottled the clear, water-over- gravel
color, his side flashing in the sun. The rod under his right arm,
Nick stooped, dipping his right hand into the current. He held
the trout, never still, with his moist right hand, while he
unhooked the barb from his mouth, then dropped him back into the
stream.
He hung unsteadily in the current, then
settled to the bottom beside a stone. Nick reached down his hand
to touch him, his arm to the elbow under water. The trout was
steady in the moving stream resting on the gravel, beside a
stone. As Nick's fingers touched him, touched his smooth, cool,
underwater feeling, he was gone, gone in a shadow across the
bottom of the stream.
He's all right, Nick thought. He was only
tired.
He had wet his hand before he touched the
trout, so he would not disturb the delicate mucus that covered
him. If a trout was touched with a dry hand, a white fungus
attacked the unprotected spot. Years before when he had fished
crowded streams, with fly fishermen ahead of him and behind him,
Nick had again and again come on dead trout furry with white
fungus, drilled against a rock, or floating belly up in some
pool. Nick did not like to fish with other men on the river.
Unless they were of your party, they spoiled it.
He wallowed down the steam, above his knees
in the current, through the fifty yards of shallow water above
the pile of logs that crossed the stream. He did not rebait his
hook and held it in his hand as he waded. He was certain he could
catch small trout in the shallows, but he did not want them.
There would be no big trout in the shallows this time of day.
Now the water deepened up his thighs
sharply and coldly. Ahead was the smooth dammed-back flood of
water above the logs. The water was smooth and dark; on the left,
the lower edge of the meadow; on the right the swamp. Nick leaned
back against the current and took a hopper from the bottle. He
threaded the hopper on the hook and spat on him for good luck.
Then he pulled several yards of line from the reel and tossed the
hopper out ahead onto the fast, dark water. It floated down
towards the logs, then the weight of the line pulled the bait
under the surface Nick held the rod in his right hand, letting
the line run out through his fingers.
There was a long tug. Nick struck and the
rod came alive and dangerous, bent double, the line tightening,
coming out of water, tightening, all in a heavy, dangerous,
steady pull. Nick felt the moment when the leader would break if
the strain increased and let the line go.
The reel ratcheted into a mechanical shriek
as the line went out in a rush. Too fast. Nick could not check
it, the line rushing out, the reel note rising as the line ran
out.
With the core of the reel showing, his
heart feeling stopped with the excitement, leaning back against
the current that mounted icily his thighs, Nick thumbed the reel
hard with his left hand. It was awkward getting his thumb inside
the fly reel frame.
As he put on pressure the line tightened
into sudden hardness and beyond the logs a huge trout went high
out of water. As he jumped, Nick lowered the tip of the rod. But
he felt, as he dropped the tip to ease the strain, the moment
when the strain was too great; the hardness too tight. Of course,
the leader had broken. There was no mistaking the feeling when
all spring left the line and it became dry and hard. Then it went
slack.
His mouth dry, his heart down, Nick reeled
in. He had never seen so big a trout. There was a heaviness, a
power not to be held, and then the bulk of him, as he jumped. He
looked as broad as a salmon.
Nick's hand was shaky. He reeled in slowly.
The thrill had been too much. He felt, vaguely, a little sick, as
though it would be better to sit down.
The leader had broken where the hook was
tied to it. Nick took it in his hand. He thought of the trout
somewhere on the bottom, holding himself steady over the gravel,
far down below the light, under the logs, with the hook in his
jaw. Nick knew the trout's teeth would cut through the snell of
the hook. The hook would imbed itself in his jaw. He'd bet the
trout was angry. Anything that size would be angry. That was a
trout. He had been solidly hooked. Solid as a rock. He felt like
a rock, too, before he started off. By God, he was a big one. By
God, he was the biggest one I ever heard of.
Nick climbed out onto the meadow and stood,
water running down his trousers and out of his shoes, his shoes
squelchy. He went over and sat on the logs. He did not want to
rush his sensations any.
He wriggled his toes in the water, in his
shoes, and got out a cigarette from his breast pocket. He lit it
and tossed the match into the Iast water below the logs. A tiny
trout rose at the match, as it swung around in the fast current.
Nick laughed. He would finish the cigarette.
He sat on the logs, smoking, drying in the
sun, the sun warm on his back, the river shallow ahead entering
the woods, curving into the woods, shallows, light glittering,
big water-smooth rocks, cedars along the bank and white birches,
the logs warm in the sun, smooth to sit on, without bark, gray to
the touch; slowly the feeling of disappointment left him. It went
away slowly, the feeling of disappointment that came sharply
after the thrill that made his shoulders ache. It was all right
now. His rod lying out on the logs, Nick tied a new hook on the
leader, pulling the gut tight until it grimped into itself in a
hard knot.
He baited up, then picked up the rod and
walked to the tar end of the logs to get into the water, where it
was not too deep. Under and beyond the logs was a deep pool. Nick
walked around the shallow shelf near the swamp shore until he
came out on the shallow bed of the stream.
On the left, where the meadow ended and the
woods began, a great elm tree was uprooted. Gone over in a storm,
it lay back into the woods, its roots clotted with dirt, grass
growing in them, rising a solid bank beside the stream. The river
cut to the edge of the uprooted tree. From where Nick stood he
could see deep channels like ruts, cut in the shallow bed of the
stream by the flow of the current. Pebbly where he stood and
pebbly and full of boulders beyond; where it curved near the tree
roots, the bed of the stream was marry and between the ruts of
deep water green weed fronds swung in the current.
Nick swung the rod back over his shoulder
and forward, and the line, curving forward, laid the grasshopper
down on one of the deep channels in the weeds. A trout struck and
Nick hooked him
Holding the rod far out toward the uprooted
tree and sloshing backward in the current, Nick worked the trout,
plunging, the rod bending alive, out of the danger of the weeds
into the open river. Holding the rod, pumping alive against the
current, Nick brought the trout in. He rushed, but always came,
the spring of the rod yielding to the rushes, sometimes jerking
under water, but always bringing him in. Nick eased downstream
with the rushes. The rod above his head he led the trout over the
net, then lifted.
The trout hung heavy in the net, mottled
trout back and silver sides in the meshes. Nick unhooked him;
heavy sides, good to hold, big undershot jaw and slipped him,
heaving and big sliding, into the long sack that hung from his
shoulders in the water.
Nick spread the mouth of the sack against
the current and it filled, heavy with water. He held it up, the
bottom in the stream, and the water poured out through the sides.
Inside at the bottom was the big trout, alive in the water.
Nick moved downstream. The sack out ahead
of him sunk heavy in the water, pulling from his shoulders.
It was getting hot, the sun hot on the back
of his neck.
Nick had one good trout. He did not care
about getting many trout. Now the stream was shallow and wide.
There were trees along both banks. The trees of the left bank
made short shadows on the current in the forenoon sun. Nick knew
there were trout in each shadow. In the afternoon, after the sun
had crossed toward the hills the trout would be in the cool
shadows on the other side of the stream.
The very biggest ones would lie up close to
the bank. You could always pick them up there on the Black. When
the sun was down they all moved out into the current. Just when
the sun made the water blinding in the glare before it went
clown, you were liable to strike a big trout anywhere in the
current. It was almost impossible to fish then, the surface of
the water was blinding as a mirror in the sun. Of course, you
could fish upstream, but in a stream like the Black, or this, you
had to wallow against the current and in a deep place, the water
piled up on you. It was no fun to fish upstream Fitly this much
current.
Nick moved along through the shallow
stretch watching the balks for deep holes. A beech tree grew
close beside the river, so that the branches hung down into the
water. The stream went back in under the leaves. There were
always trout in a place like that.
Nick did not care about fishing that hole.
He was sure he would get hooked in the branches.
It looked deep though. He dropped the
grasshopper so the current took it under water, back in under the
overhanging branch. The line pulled hard and Nick struck. The
trout threshed heavily, half out of water in the leaves and
branches. The line was caught. Nick pulled hard and the trout was
off. He reeled in and holding the hook in his hand walked down
the stream.
Ahead, close to the left bank, was a big
log. Nick saw it was hollow, pointing up river the current
entered it smoothly, only a little ripple spread each side of the
log. The water was deepening. The top of the hollow log was gray
and dry. It was partly in the shadow.
Nick took the cork out of the grasshopper
bottle and a hopper clung to it. He picked him off, hooked him
and tossed him out. He held the rod far out so that the hopper on
the water moved into the current flowing into the hollow log.
Nick lowered the rod and the hopper floated in. There was a heavy
strike. Nick swung the rod against the pull. It felt as though he
were hooked into the log itself, except for the live feeling. He
tried to force the fish out into the current. It came,
heavily.
The line went slack and Nick thought the
trout was gone. Then he saw him, very near, in the current,
shaking his head, trying to get the hook out. His mouth was
clamped shut. He was fighting the hook in the clear flowing
current. Looping in the line with his left hand, Nick swung the
rod to make the line taut and tried to lead the trout toward the
net, but he was gone, out of sight, the line pumping. Nick fought
him against the current, letting him thump in the water against
the spring of the rod. He shifted the rod to his left hand,
worked the trout upstream, holding his weight, fighting on the
rod, and then let him down into the net. He lifted him clear of
the water, a heavy half circle in the net, the net dripping,
unhooked him and slid him into the sack.
He spread the mouth of the sack and looked
down in at the two big trout alive in the water.
Through the deepening water, Nick waded
over to the hollow Iog. He took the sack off, over his head, the
trout flopping as it came out of water, and hung it so the trout
were deep in the water Then he pulled himself up on the log and
sat, the water from his trouser and boots running down into the
stream. He laid his rod down moved along to the shady end of the
log and took the sandwiches out of his pocket. He dipped the
sandwiches in the cold water. The current carried away the
crumbs. He ate the sandwiches and dipped his hat full of water to
drink, the water running out through his hat just ahead of his
drinking.
It was cool in the shade, sitting on the
log. He took a cigarette out and struck a match to light it. The
match sunk into the gray wood, making a tiny furrow. Nick leaned
over the side of the log, found a hard place and lit the match.
He sat smoking and watching the river.
Ahead the river narrowed and went into a
swamp. The river became smooth and deep and the swamp looked
solid with cedar trees, their trunks close together, their
branches solid. It would not be possible to walk through a swamp
like that. The branches grew so low. You would have to keep
almost level with the ground to move at all. You could not crash
through the branches. That must be why the animals that lived in
swamps were built the way they were, Nick thought.
He wished he had brought something to read.
He felt like reading. He did not feel like going on into the
swamp. He looked down the river. A big cedar slanted all the way
across the stream. Beyond that the river went into the swamp.
Nick did not want to go in there now. He
felt a reaction against deep wading with the water deepening up
under his armpits, to hook big trout in places impossible to land
them. In the swamp the banks were bare, the big cedars came
together overhead, the sun did not come through, except in
patches; in the fast deep water, in the half light, the fishing
would be tragic. In the swamp fishing was a tragic adventure.
Nick did not want it. He didn't want to go up the stream any
further today.
He took out his knife, opened it and stuck
it in the log. Then he pulled up the sack, reached into it and
brought out one of the trout. Holding him near the tail, hard to
hold, alive, in his hand, he whacked him against the log. The
trout quivered, rigid. Nick laid him on the log in the shade and
broke the neck of the other fish the same way. He laid them side
by side on the log. They were fine trout.
Nick cleaned them, slitting them from the
vent to the tip of the jaw. All the insides and the gills and
tongue came out in one piece They were both males; long
gray-white strips of milt, smooth and clean. All the insides
clean and compact, coming out all together. Nick tossed the offal
ashore for the minks to find.
He washed the trout in the stream. When he
held them back up in the water, they looked like live fish. Their
color was not gone yet. He washed his hands and dried them on the
log. Then he laid the trout on the sack spread out on the log,
rolled them up in it, tied the bundle and put it in the landing
net. His knife was still standing, blade stuck in the log. He
cleaned it on the wood and put it in his pocket.
Nick stood up on the log, holding his rod,
the landing net hanging heavy, then stepped into the water and
splashed ashore. He climbed the bank and cut up into the woods,
toward the high ground. He was going back to camp. He looked
back. The river just showed through the trees. There were plenty
of days coming when he could fish the swamp.
His muscles ached and the day was hot, but Nick felt happy. He felt he had left everything
behind, the need for thinking, the need to write, other needs. It was all back of him. --"Big Two-Hearted River: Part I"
The train went on up the track out of sight, around one of the hills of
burnt timber. Nick sat down on the bundle of canvas and bedding the baggage man had pitched out
of the door of the baggage car. There was no town, nothing but the rails and the burned-over
country. The thirteen saloons that had lined the one street of Seney had not left a trace. The
foundations of the Mansion House hotel stuck up above the ground. The stone was chipped and
split by the fire. It was all that was left of the town of Seney. Even the surface had been
burned off the ground.
Nick looked at the burned-over stretch of hillside, where he had expected
to find the scattered houses of the town and then walked down the railroad track to the bridge
over the river. The river was there. It swirled against the log spires of the bridge. Nick
looked down into the clear, brown water, colored from the pebbly bottom, and watched the trout
keeping themselves steady in the current with wavering fins. As he watched them they changed
their again by quick angles, only to hold steady in the fast water again. Nick watched them a
long time.
He watched them holding themselves with their noses into the current,
many trout in deep, fast moving water, slightly distorted as he watched far down through the
glassy convex surface of the pool its surface pushing and swelling smooth against the
resistance of the log-driven piles of the bridge. At the bottom of the pool were the big trout.
Nick did not see them at first. Then he saw them at the bottom of the pool, big trout looking
to hold themselves on the gravel bottom in a varying mist of gravel and sand, raised in spurts
by the current.
Nick looked down into the pool from the bridge. It was a hot day. A
kingfisher flew up the stream. It was a long time since Nick had looked into a stream and seen
trout. They were very satisfactory. As the shadow of the kingfisher moved up the stream, a big
trout shot upstream in a long angle, only his shadow marking the angle, then lost his shadow as
he came through the surface of the water, caught the sun, and then, as he went back into the
stream under the surface, his shadow seemed to float down the stream with the current
unresisting, to his post under the bridge where he tightened facing up into the current.
Nick's heart tightened as the trout moved. He felt all the old feeling.
He turned and looked down the stream. It stretched away, pebbly-bottomed with shallows and big
boulders and a deep pool as it curved away around the foot of a bluff.
Nick walked back up the ties to where his pack lay in the cinders beside
the railway track. He was happy. He adjusted the pack harness around the bundle, pulling straps
tight, slung the pack on his back got his arms through the shoulder straps and took some of the
pull off his shoulders by leaning his forehead against the wide band of the tump-line Still, it
was too heavy. It was much too heavy. He had his leather rod-case in his hand and leaning
forward to keep the weight of the pack high on his shoulders he walked along the road that
paralleled the railway track, leaving the burned town behind in the heat, and shell turned off
around a hill with a high, fire-scarred hill on either side onto a road that went back into the
country. He walked along the road feeling, the ache from the pull of the heavy pack. The road
climbed steadily. It was hard work walking up-hill His muscles ached and the day was hot, but
Nick felt happy. He felt he had left everything behind, the need for thinking, the need to
write, other needs, It was all back of him.
From the time he had gotten down off the train and the baggage man had
thrown his pack out of the open car door things had been different Seney was burned, the
country was burned over and changed, but it did not matter. It could not all be burned that. He
hiked along the road, sweating in the sun, climbing to cross the range of hills that separated
the railway from the pine plains.
The road ran on, dipping occasionally, but always climbing hill. He went
pm up Finally the road after going parallel to the burnt hill he reached the top. Nick leaned
back against a stump and slipped out of the pack harness. Ahead of him, as far as he could see,
was the pine plain. The burned country stopped of off at the left pith the range of hills. 011
ahead islands of dark pine trees rose out of the plain Far off to the left was the line of the
river. Nick followed it with his eye and caught glints of the water in the sun.
There was nothing but the pine plain ahead of him, until the far blue
hills that marked the Lake Superior height of land. He could hardly see them faint and far away
in the heat-light over the plain. If he looked too steadily they were gone. But if he only
half-looked they were there, the far-off hills of the height of land.
Nick sat down against the charred stump and smoked a cigarette. His pack
balanced on the top of the stump harness holding ready, a hollow molded in it from his back.
Nick sat smoking, looking out over the country He did not need to get his map out. He knew
where he was from the position of the river.
As he smoked his legs stretched out in front of him, he noticed a
grasshopper walk along the ground and up onto his woolen sock. The grasshopper was black. As he
had walked along the road, climbing, he had started grasshoppers from with dust. They were all
black They were not the big grasshoppers with yellow and black or red and black wings whirring
out from their black wing sheathing as they fly up. These were just ordinary hoppers, but all a
sooty black in color. Nick had wondered about them as he walked without really thinking about
them. Now, as he watched the black hopper that was nibbling at the wool of his sock with its
fourway lip he realized that they had all turned black from living in the I burned-over land.
He realized that the fire must have come the year before, but the grasshoppers were all black
now. He wondered how long they would stay that way.
Carefully he reached his hand down and took hold of the hopper by the
wings. He turned him up, all his legs walking in the air, and looked at his jointed belly. Yes,
it was black too, iridescent where the back and head were dusty.
"Go on, hopper," Nick said, speaking out loud for the first time "Fly
away somewhere."
He tossed the grasshopper up into the air and watched him sail away to a
charcoal stump across the road.
Nick stood up. He leaned his back against the weight of his pack where it
rested upright on the stump and got his arms through the shoulder straps. He stood with the
pack on his back on the brow of the hill looking out across the country, toward the distant
river and then struck down the hillside away from the road. Underfoot the ground was good
walking. Two hundred yards down the fire line stopped. Then it was sweet fern, growing ankle
high, walk through, and clumps of jack pines; a long undulating country with frequent rises and
descents, sandy underfoot and the country alive again.
Nick kept his direction by the sun. He knew where he wanted to strike the
river and he kept on through the pine plain, mounting small rises to see other rises ahead of
him and sometimes from the top of a rise a great solid island of pines off to his right or his
left He broke off some sprigs of the Leathery sweet fern, and put them under his pack straps.
The chafing crushed it and he smelled it as he walked.
He was tired and very hot, walking across the uneven, shadeless pine
pram. At any time he knew he could strike the river by turning of f to his left It could not be
more than a mile away. But he kept on toward the north to hit the river as far upstream as he
could go in one day's walking. For some time as he walked Nick had been in sight of one of the
big islands of pine standing out above the rolling high ground he was crossing. He dipped down
and then as he came slowly up to the crest of the bridge he turned and made toward the pine
trees. There was no underbrush in the island of pine trees. The trunks of the trees went
straight up or slanted toward each other. The trunks were straight and brown without branches.
The branches were high above. Some interlocked to make a solid shadow on the brown forest
floor. Around the grove of trees was a bare space. It was brown and salt underfoot as Nick
walked on it. This was the over-lapping of the pine needle floor, extending out beyond the
width of the high branches. The trees had grown tall and the branches moved high, leaving in
the sun this bare space they had once covered with shadow. Sharp at the edge of this extension
of the forest floor commenced the sweet fern.
Nick slipped off his pack and lay down in the shade. He lay on his back
and looked up into the pine trees. His neck and back and the small of his back rested as he
stretched. The earth felt good against his back. He looked up at the sky, through the branches,
and then shut his eyes. He opened them and looked up again. There was a wind high up in the
branches. He shut his eyes again and went to sleep.
Nick woke stiff and cramped. The sun was nearly down. His pack was heavy
and the straps painful as he lifted it on. He leaned over with the pack on and picked up the
leather rod-case and started out from the pine trees across the sweet fern swale, toward the
river. He knew it could not be more than a mile.
He came down a hillside covered with stumps into a meadow. At the edge of
the meadow flowed the river. Nick was glad to get to the river. He walked upstream through the
meadow. His trousers were soaked with the dew as he walked. After the hot day, the dew halt
come quickly and heavily. The river made no sound. It was too fast and smooth. At the edge of
the meadow, before he mounted to a piece of high ground to make camp, Nick looked down the
river at the trout rising. They were rising to insects come from the swamp on the other side of
the stream when the sun went down. The trout jumped out of water to take them. While Nick
walked through the little stretch of meadow alongside the stream, trout had jumped high out of
water. Now as he looked down the river, the insects must be settling on the surface, for the
trout were feeding steadily all down the stream. As far down the long stretch as he could see,
the trout were rising, making circles all down the surface of the water, as though it were
starting to rain.
The ground rose, wooded and sandy, to overlook the meadow, the stretch of
river and the swamp. Nick dropped his pack and rod case and looked for a level piece of ground.
He was very hungry and he wanted to make his camp before he cooked. Between two jack pines, the
ground was quite level. He took the ax out of the pack and chopped out two projecting roots.
That leveled a piece of ground large enough to sleep on. He smoothed out the sandy soil with
his hand and pulled all the sweet fern bushes by their roots. His hands smelled good from the
sweet fern. He smoothed the uprooted earth. He did not want anything making lumps under the
blankets. When he had the ground smooth, he spread his blankets. One he folded double, next to
the ground. The other two he spread on top.
With the ax he slit off a bright slab of pine from one of the stumps and
split it into pegs for the tent. He wanted them long and solid to hold in the ground. With the
tent unpacked and spread on the ground, the pack, leaning against a jackpine, looked much
smaller Nick tied the rope that served the tent for a ridge-pole to the trunk of one of the
pine trees and pulled the tent up off the ground with the other end of the rope and tied it to
the other pine. The tent hung on the rope like a canvas blanket on a clothesline. Nick poked a
pole he had cut up under the back peak of the canvas and then made it a tent by pegging out the
sides. He pegged the sides out taut and drove the pegs deep, hitting them down into the ground
with the feat of the ax until the rope loops were buried and the canvas was drum tight.
Across the open mouth of the tent Nick fixed cheesecloth to keep out
mosquitoes. He crawled inside under the mosquito bar with various things from the pack to put
at the head of the bed under the slant of the canvas. Inside the tent the light came through
the brown canvas. It smelled pleasantly of canvas. Already there was something mysterious and
homelike. Nick was happy as he crawled inside the tent. He had not been unhappy all day. This
was different though. Now things were done. There had been this to do. Now it was done. It had
been a hard trip. He was very tired. That was done. He had made his camp. He was settled.
Nothing could touch him. It was a good place to camp. He was there, in the good place. He was
in his home where he had made it. Now he was hungry.
He came out, crawling under the cheesecloth. It was quite dark outside.
It was lighter in the tent.
Nick went over to the pack and found, with his fingers, a long nail in a
paper sack of nails, in the bottom of the pack. He drove it into the pine tree, holding it
close and hitting it gently with the flat of the ax. He hung the pack up on the nail. All his
supplies were in the pack. They were off the ground and sheltered now.
Nick was hungry. He did not believe he had ever been hungrier He opened
and emptied a can at pork and beans and a can of spaghetti into the frying pan.
"I've got a right to eat this kind of stuff, if I'm willing to carry it,
Nick said.
His voice sounded strange in the darkening woods. He did not speak
again.
He started a fire with some chunks of pine he got with the ax from a
stump. Over the fire he stuck a wire grill, pushing the tour legs down into the ground with his
boot. Nick put the frying pan and a can of spaghetti on the grill over the flames. He was
hungrier. The beans and spaghetti warmed. Nick stirred them sad mixed them together. They began
to bubble, making little bubbles that rose with difficulty to the surface- There was a good
smell. Nick got out a bottle of tomato catchup and cut four slices of bread. The little bubbles
were coming faster now. Nick sat down beside the fire and lifted the frying pan off. He poured
about half the contents out into the tin plate. It spread slowly on the plate. Nick knew it was
too hot. He poured on some tomato catchup. He knew the beans and spaghetti were still too hot.
He looked at the fire, then at the tent, he was not going to spoil it all by burning his
tongue. For years he had never enjoyed fried bananas because he had never been able to wait for
them to cool. His tongue was very sensitive. He was very hungry. Across the river in the swamp,
in the almost dark, he saw a mist rising. He looked at the tent once more. All right. He took a
full spoonful from the plate.
"Chrise," Nick said, "Geezus Chrise," he said happily.
He ate the whole plateful before he remembered the bread. Nick finished
the second plateful with the bread, mopping the plate shiny. He had not eaten since a cup of
coffee and a ham sandwich in the station restaurant at St. Ignace. It had been a very fine
experience. He had been that hungry before, but had not been able to sat- it. He could have
made camp hours before if he had wanted to. There were plenty of good places to camp on the
river. But this was good.
Nick tucked two big chips of pine under the grill. The fire flared up. He
had forgotten to get water for the coffee. Out of the pack he got a folding canvas bucket and
walked down the hill, across the edge of the meadow, to the stream. The other bank was in the
white mist. The grass was wet and cold as he knelt on the bank and dipped the canvas bucket
into the stream. It bellied and pulled held in the current. The water was ice cold. Nick rinsed
the bucket and carried it full up to the camp. Up away from the stream it was not so cold.
Nick drove another big nail and hung up the bucket full of water. He
dipped the coffee pot half full, put some more chips under the grill onto the fire and put the
pot oil. He could not remember which way he made coffee. He could remember an argument about it
with Hopkins, but not which side he had taken. He decided to bring it to a boil. He remembered
now that was Hopkins's way. He had once argued about everything with Hopkins. While he waited
for the coffee to boil, he opened a small can of apricots. He liked to open cans. He emptied
the can of apricots out into a tin cup. While he watched the coffee on the fire, he drank the
juice syrup of the apricots, carefully at first to keep from spilling, then meditatively,
sucking the apricots down. They were better than fresh apricots.
The coffee boiled as he watched. The lid came up and coffee and grounds
ran down the side of the pot. Nick took it off the grill. It was a triumph for Hopkins. He put
sugar in the empty apricot cup and poured some of the coffee out to cool. It was too hot to
pour and he used his hat to hold the handle of the coffee pot. He would not let it steep in the
pot at all. Not the first cup. It should be straight Hopkins all the way. Hop deserved that. He
was a very serious coffee drinker. He was the most serious man Nick had ever known. Not heavy,
serious. That was a long time ago. Hopkins spoke without moving his lips. He had played polo.
He made millions of dollars in Texas. He had borrowed carfare to go to Chicago, when the wire
came that his first big well had come in. He could have wired for money. That would have been
too slow. They called Hop's girl the Blonde Venus. Hop did not mind because she was not his
real girl. Hopkins said very confidently that none of them would make fun of his real girl. He
was right. Hopkins went away when the telegram came. That was on the Black River. It took eight
days for the telegram to reach him. Hopkins gave away his .22 caliber Colt automatic pistol to
Nick. He gave his camera to Bill. It was to remember him always by. They were all going fishing
again next summer. The Hop Head was rich. He would get a yacht and they would all cruise along
the north shore of Lake Superior. He was excited but serious. They said good-bye and all felt
bad. It broke up the trip. They never saw Hopkins again. That was a long time ago on the Black
River.
Nick drank the coffee, the coffee according to Hopkins. The coffee was
bitter. Nick laughed. It made a good ending to the story. His mind was starting to work. He
knew he could choke it because he was tired enough. He spilled the coffee out of the pot and
shook the grounds loose into the fire. He lit a cigarette and went inside the tent. He took off
his shoes and trousers, sitting on the blankets, rolled the shoes up inside the trousers for a
pillow and got in between the blankets.
Out through the front of the tent he watched the glow of the fire when
the night wind blew. It was a quiet night The swamp was perfectly quiet. Nick stretched under
the blanket comfortably. A mosquito hummed close to his ear. Nick sat up and lit a match. The
mosquito was on the canvas, over his head Nick moved the match quickly up to it. The mosquito
made a satisfactory hiss in the flame. The match went out. Nick lay down again under the
blanket. He turned on his side and shut his eyes. He was sleepy. He felt sleep coming. He
curled up under the blanket and went to sleep.
They ate without talking, and watched the two rods and the fire-light in the water.
--"The End of Something"
Ernest Hemingway: "The End of Something"
In the old days Hortons Bay was a lumbering town. No one who lived in it was out of sound of
the big saws in the mill by the lake. Then one year there were no more logs to make lumber. The
lumber schooners came into the bay and were loaded with the cut of the mill that stood stacked
in the yard. All the piles of lumber were carried away. The big mill building had all its
machinery that was removable taken out and hoisted on board one of the schooners by the men who
had worked in the mill. The schooner moved out of the bay toward the open lake carrying the two
great saws, the traveling carriage that hurled the logs against the revolving, circular saws
and all the rollers, wheels, belts and iron piled on a hull—deep load of lumber. Its open hold
covered with canvas and lashed tight, the sails of the schooner filled and it moved out into
the open lake, carrying with it everything that had made the mill a mill and Hortons Bay, a
town.
The one-story bunk houses, the eating-house, the company store, the mill
offices, and the big mill itself stood deserted in the acres of sawdust that covered the swampy
meadow by the shore of the bay.
Ten years later there was nothing of the mill left except the broken
white limestone of its foundations showing through the swampy second growth as Nick and
Marjorie rowed along the shore. They were trolling along the edge of the channel-bank where the
bottom dropped off suddenly from sandy shallows to twelve feet of dark water. They were
trolling on their way to the point to set night lines for rainbow trout.
"There's our old ruin, Nick," Marjorie said.
Nick, rowing, looked at the white stone in the green trees.
"There it is," he said.
"Can you remember when it was a mill?" Marjorie asked.
"I can just remember," Nick said.
"It seems more like a castle," Marjorie said.
Nick said nothing. They rowed on out of sight of the mill, following the
shore line. Then Nick cut across the bay.
"They aren't striking," he said.
"No," Marjorie said. She was intent on the rod all the time they trolled,
even when she talked. She loved to fish. She loved to fish with Nick.
Close beside the boat a big trout broke the surface of the water. Nick
pulled hard on one oar so the boat would turn and the bait spinning far behind would pass where
the trout was feeding. As the trout's back came up out of the water the minnows jumped wildly.
They sprinkled the surface like a handful of shot thrown into the water. Another trout broke
water, feeding on the other side of the boat.
"They're feeding," Marjorie said.
"But they won't strike," Nick said.
He rowed the boat around to troll past both the feeding fish, then headed
it for the point. Marjorie did not reel in until the boat touched the shore.
They pulled the boat up the beach and Nick lifted out a pail of live
perch. The perch swam in the water in the pail. Nick caught three of them with his hands and
cut their heads off and skinned them while Marjorie chased with her hands in the bucket,
finally caught a perch, cut its head off and skinned it. Nick looked at her fish.
"You don't want to take the ventral fin out," he said. "It'll be all
right for bait but it's better with the ventral fin in."
He hooked each of the skinned perch through the tail. There were two
hooks attached to a leader on each rod. Then Marjorie rowed the boat out over the channel-bank,
holding the line in her teeth, and looking toward Nick, who stood on the shore holding the rod
and letting the line run out from the reel.
"That's about right," he called.
"Should I let it drop?" Marjorie called back, holding the line in her
hand.
"Sure. Let it go." Marjorie dropped the line overboard and watched the
baits go down through the water.
She came in with the boat and ran the second line out the same way. Each
time Nick set a heavy slab of driftwood across the butt of the rod to hold it solid and propped
it up at an angle with a small slab. He reeled in the slack line so the line ran taut out to
where the bait rested on the sandy floor of the channel and set the click on the reel. When a
trout, feeding on the bottom, took the bait it would run with it, taking line out of the reel
in a rush and making the reel sing with the click on.
Marjorie rowed up the point a little way so she would not disturb the
line. She pulled hard on the oars and the boat went way up the beach. Little waves came in with
it. Marjorie stepped out of the boat and Nick pulled the boat high up the beach.
"What's the matter, Nick?" Marjorie asked.
"I don't know," Nick said, getting wood for a fire.
They made a fire with driftwood. Marjorie went to the boat and brought a
blanket. The evening breeze blew the smoke toward the point, so Marjorie spread the blanket out
between the fire and the lake.
Marjorie sat on the blanket with her back to the fire and waited for
Nick. He came over and sat down beside her on the blanket. In back of them was the close
second-growth timber of the point and in front was the bay with the mouth of Hortons Creek. It
was not quite dark. The firelight went as far as the water. They could both see the two steel
rods at an angle over the dark water. The fire glinted on the reels.
Marjorie unpacked the basket of supper.
"I don't feel like eating," said Nick.
"Come on and eat, Nick."
"All right."
They ate without talking, and watched the two rods and the firelight in
the water.
"There's going to be a moon tonight," said Nick. He looked across the bay
to the hills that were beginning to sharpen against the sky. Beyond the hills he knew the moon
was coming up.
"I know it," Marjorie said happily.
"You know everything," Nick said.
"Oh, Nick, please cut it out! Please, please don't be that way!"
"I can't help it," Nick said. "You do. You know everything. That's the
trouble. You know you do."
Marjorie did not say anything.
"I've taught you everything. You know you do. What don't you know,
anyway?"
"Oh, shut up," Marjorie said. "There comes the moon."
They sat on the blanket without touching each other and watched the moon
rise.
"You don't have to talk silly," Marjorie said; "what's really the
matter?"
"I don't know."
"Of course you know."
"No I don't."
"Go on and say it."
Nick looked on at the moon, coming up over the hills.
"It isn't fun any more."
He was afraid to look at Marjorie. Then he looked at her. She sat there
with her back toward him. He looked at her back. "It isn't fun any more. Not any of it."
She didn't say anything. He went on. "I feel as though everything was
gone to hell inside of me. I don't know, Marge. I don't know what to say."
He looked on at her back.
"Isn't love any fun?" Marjorie said.
"No," Nick said. Marjorie stood up. Nick sat there, his head in his
hands.
"I'm going to take the boat," Marjorie called to him. "You can walk back
around the point."
"All right," Nick said. "I'll push the boat off for you."
"You don't need to," she said. She was afloat in the boat on the water
with the moonlight on it. Nick went back and lay down with his face in the blanket by the fire.
He could hear Marjorie rowing on the water.
He lay there for a long time. He lay there while he heard Bill come into
the clearing, walking around through the woods. He felt Bill coming up to the fire. Bill didn't
touch him, either.
"Did she go all right?" Bill said.
"Oh, yes." Nick said, lying, his face on the blanket.
"Have a scene?"
"No, there wasn't any scene."
"How do you feel?"
"Oh, go away, Bill! Go away for a while."
Bill selected a sandwich from the lunch basket and walked over to have a
look at the rods.
'You have youth, confidence, and a job,' the older waiter said. 'You have everything.'
'And what do you lack?'
'Everything but work.' --"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place" (1933)
Ernest Hemingway: "A Clean, Well-Lighted Place"
It was late and every one had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves
of the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty; but at night
the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night
it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man
was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he
would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.
"Last week he tried to commit suicide," one waiter said.
"Why?"
"He was in despair."
"What about?"
"Nothing."
"How do you know it was nothing?"
"He has plenty of money."
They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the
door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old
man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind. A girl and a
soldier went by in the street. The street light shone on the brass number on his collar. The
girl wore no head covering and hurried beside him.
"The guard will pick him up," one waiter said.
"What does it matter if he gets what he's after?"
"He had better get off the street now. The guard will get him. They went
by five minutes ago."
The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass.
The younger waiter went over to him.
"What do you want?"
The old man looked at him. "Another brandy," he said.
"You'll be drunk," the waiter said. The old man looked at him. The waiter
went away.
"He'll stay all night," he said to his colleague. "I'm sleepy now. I
never get into bed before three o'clock. He should have killed himself last week."
The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter
inside the cafe and marched out to the old man's table. He put down the saucer and poured the
glass full of brandy.
"You should have killed yourself last week," he said to the deaf man. The
old man motioned with his finger.
"A little more," he said. The waiter poured on into the glass so that the
brandy slopped over and ran down the stem into the top saucer of the pile. "Thank you," the old
man said. The waiter took the bottle back inside the cafe. He sat down at the table with his
colleague again.
"He's drunk now," he said.
"He's drunk every night."
"What did he want to kill himself for?"
"How should I know."
"How did he do it?"
"He hung himself with a rope."
"Who cut him down?"
"His niece."
"Why did they do it?"
"Fear for his soul."
"How much money has he got?"
"He's got plenty."
"He must be eighty years old."
"Anyway I should say he was eighty."
"I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o'clock.
What kind of hour is that to go to bed?"
"He stays up because he likes it."
"He's lonely. I'm not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for
me."
"He had a wife once too."
"A wife would be no good to him now."
"You can't tell. He might be better with a wife."
"His niece looks after him. You said she cut him down."
"I know."
"I wouldn't want to be that old. An old man is a nasty thing."
"Not always. This old man is clean. He drinks without spilling. Even
now, drunk. Look at him."
"I don't want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no
regard for those who must work."
The old man looked from his glass across the square, then over at the
waiters.
"Another brandy," he said, pointing to his glass. The waiter who was
in a hurry came over.
"Finished," he said, speaking with that omission of syntax stupid
people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners. "No more tonight. Close now."
"Another," said the old man.
"No. Finished." The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel
and shook his head.
The old man stood up, slowly counted the saucers, took a leather coin
purse from his pocket and paid for the drinks, leaving half a peseta tip.
The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking
unsteadily but with dignity.
"Why didn't you let him stay and drink?" the unhurried waiter asked.
They were putting up the shutters. "It is not half-past two."
"I want to go home to bed."
"What is an hour?"
"More to me than to him."
"An hour is the same."
"You talk like an old man yourself. He can buy a bottle and drink at
home."
"It's not the same."
"No, it is not," agreed the waiter with a wife. He did not wish to be
unjust. He was only in a hurry.
"And you? You have no fear of going home before your usual hour?"
"Are you trying to insult me?"
"No, hombre, only to make a joke."
"No," the waiter who was in a hurry said, rising from putting on the
metal shutters. "I have confidence. I am all confidence."
"You have youth, confidence, and a job," the older waiter said. "You
have everything."
"And what do you lack?"
"Everything but work."
"You have everything I have."
"No. I have never had confidence and l'm not young."
"Come on. Stop talking nonsense and lock up."
"I am of those who like to stay late at the cafe," the older waiter
said. "With all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the
night."
"I want to go home and into bed."
"We are of two different kinds," the older waiter said. He was now
dressed to go home. "It is not only a question of youth and confidence although those things
are very beautiful. Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who
needs the cafe."
"Hombre, there are bodegas open all night long."
"You do not understand. This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well
lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves."
"Good night," said the younger waiter.
"Good night," the other said. Turning off the electric light he
continued the conversation with himself. It is the light of course but it is necessary that the
place be clean and light. You do not want music. Certainly you do not want music. Nor can you
stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did
he fear? It was not fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing
and a man was nothing too. It was only that and light was all it needed and a certain cleanness
and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it was all nada y pues nada y nada y
pues nada. Our nada who art in nada, nada be thy name thy kingdom nada thy will be nada in nada
as it is in nada. Give us this nada our daily nada and nada us our nada as we nada our nadas
and nada us not into nada but deliver us from nada; pues nada. Hail nothing full of nothing,
nothing is with thee. He smiled and stood before a bar with a shining steam pressure coffee
machine.
"What's yours?" asked the barman.
"Nada."
"Otro loco mas," said the barman and turned away.
"A little cup," said the waiter.
The barman poured it for him.
"The light is very bright and pleasant but the bar is unpolished," the
waiter said.
The barman looked at him but did not answer. It was too late at night
for conversation.
"You want another copita?" the barman asked.
"No, thank you," said the waiter and went out. He disliked bars and
bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further,
he would go home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go
to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it.
"I believe that basically you write for two people; yourself to try to make it absolutely
perfect; or if not that then wonderful. Then you write for who you love whether she can read
or write or not and whether she is alive or dead."
--Selected Letters, taken from Ernest Hemingway on Writing
THE HILLS ACROSS the valley of the Ebro were long and white. On this side there was no
shade and no trees and the station was between two lines of rails in the sun. Close against the
side of the station there was the warm shadow of the building and a curtain, made of strings of
bamboo beads, hung across the open door into the bar, to keep out flies. The American and the
girl with him sat at a table in the shade, outside the building. It was very hot and the
express from Barcelona would come in forty minutes. It stopped at this junction for two minutes
and went to Madrid.
'What should we drink?' the girl asked. She had taken off her hat and put
it on the table.
'It's pretty hot,' the man said.
'Let's drink beer.'
'Dos cervezas,' the man said into the curtain.
'Big ones?' a woman asked from the doorway.
'Yes. Two big ones.'
The woman brought two glasses of beer and two felt pads. She put the felt
pads and the beer glass on the table and looked at the man and the girl. The girl was looking
off at the line of hills. They were white in the sun and the country was brown and dry.
'They look like white elephants,' she said.
'I've never seen one,' the man drank his beer.
'No, you wouldn't have.'
'I might have,' the man said. 'Just because you say I wouldn't have
doesn't prove anything.'
The girl looked at the bead curtain. 'They've painted something on it,'
she said. 'What does it say?'
'Anis del Toro. It's a drink.'
'Could we try it?'
The man called 'Listen' through the curtain. The woman came out from the
bar.
'Four reales.'
'We want two Anis del Toro.'
'With water?'
'Do you want it with water?'
'I don't know,' the girl said. 'Is it good with water?'
'It's all right.'
'You want them with water?' asked the woman.
'Yes, with water.'
'It tastes like liquorice,' the girl said and put the glass down.
'That's the way with everything.'
'Yes,' said the girl. 'Everything tastes of liquorice. Especially all the
things you've waited so long for, like absinthe.'
'Oh, cut it out.'
'You started it,' the girl said. 'I was being amused. I was having a fine
time.'
'Well, let's try and have a fine time.'
'All right. I was trying. I said the mountains looked like white
elephants. Wasn't that bright?'
'That was bright.'
'I wanted to try this new drink. That's all we do, isn't it - look at
things and try new drinks?'
'I guess so.'
The girl looked across at the hills.
'They're lovely hills,' she said. 'They don't really look like white
elephants. I just meant the colouring of their skin through the trees.'
'Should we have another drink?'
'All right.'
The warm wind blew the bead curtain against the table.
'The beer's nice and cool,' the man said.
'It's lovely,' the girl said.
'It's really an awfully simple operation, Jig,' the man said. 'It's not
really an operation at all.'
The girl looked at the ground the table legs rested on.
'I know you wouldn't mind it, Jig. It's really not anything. It's just to
let the air in.'
The girl did not say anything.
'I'll go with you and I'll stay with you all the time. They just let the
air in and then it's all perfectly natural.'
'Then what will we do afterwards?'
'We'll be fine afterwards. Just like we were before.'
'What makes you think so?'
'That's the only
thing that bothers us. It's the only thing that's made us unhappy.'
The girl looked at the bead curtain, put her hand out and took hold of
two of the strings of beads.
'And you think then we'll be all right and be happy.'
'I know we will. You don't have to be afraid. I've known lots of people
that have done it.'
'So have I,' said the girl. 'And afterwards they were all so happy.'
'Well,' the man said, 'if you don't want to you don't have to. I wouldn't
have you do it if you didn't want to. But I know it's perfectly simple.'
'And you really want to?'
'I think it's the best thing to do. But I don't want you to do it if you
don't really want to.'
'And if I do it you'll be happy and things will be like they were and
you'll love me?'
'I love you now. You know I love you.'
'I know. But if I do it, then it will be nice again if I say things are
like white elephants, and you'll like it?'
'I'll love it. I love it now but I just can't think about it. You know
how I get when I worry.'
'If I do it you won't ever worry?'
'I won't worry about that because it's perfectly simple.'
'Then I'll do it. Because I don't care about me.'
'What do you mean?'
'I don't care about me.'
'Well, I care about you.'
'Oh, yes. But I don't care about me. And I'll do it and then everything
will be fine.'
'I don't want you to do it if you feel that way.'
The girl stood up and walked to the end of the station. Across, on the
other side, were fields of grain and trees along the banks of the Ebro. Far away, beyond the
river, were mountains. The shadow of a cloud moved across the field of grain and she saw the
river through the trees.
'And we could have all this,' she said. 'And we could have everything and
every day we make it more impossible.'
'What did you say?'
'I said we could have everything.'
'We can have everything.'
'No, we can't.'
'We can have the whole world.'
'No, we can't.'
'We can go everywhere.'
'No, we can't. It isn't ours any more.'
'It's ours.'
'No, it isn't. And once they take it away, you never get it back.'
'But they haven't taken it away.'
'We'll wait and see.'
'Come on back in the shade,' he said. 'You mustn't feel that way.'
'I don't feel any way,' the girl said. 'I just know things.'
'I don't want you to do anything that you don't want to do -'
'Nor that isn't good for me,' she said. 'I know. Could we have another
beer?'
'All right. But you've got to realize - '
'I realize,' the girl said. 'Can't we maybe stop talking?'
They sat down at the table and the girl looked across at the hills on the
dry side of the valley and the man looked at her and at the table.
'You've got to realize,' he said, ' that I don't want you to do it if you
don't want to. I'm perfectly willing to go through with it if it means anything to you.'
'Doesn't it mean anything to you? We could get along.'
'Of course it does. But I don't want anybody but you. I don't want anyone
else. And I know it's perfectly simple.'
'Yes, you know it's perfectly simple.'
'It's all right for you to say that, but I do know it.'
He did not say anything but looked at the bags against the wall of the
station. There were labels on them from all the hotels where they had spent nights.
'But I don't want you to,' he said, 'I don't care anything about it.'
'I'll scream,' the girl said.
The woman came out through the curtains with two glasses of beer and put
them down on the damp felt pads. 'The train comes in five minutes,' she said.
'What did she say?' asked the girl.
'That the train is coming in five minutes.'
The girl smiled brightly at the woman, to thank her.
'I'd better take the bags over to the other side of the station,' the man
said. She smiled at him.
'All right. Then come back and we'll finish the beer.'
He picked up the two heavy bags and carried them around the station to
the other tracks. He looked up the tracks but could not see the train. Coming back, he walked
through the bar-room, where people waiting for the train were drinking. He drank an Anis at the
bar and looked at the people. They were all waiting reasonably for the train. He went out
through the bead curtain. She was sitting at the table and smiled at him.
'Do you feel better?' he asked.
'I feel fine,' she said. 'There's nothing wrong with me. I feel
fine.'
"I believe that basically you write for two people; yourself to try to make it absolutely
perfect; or if not that then wonderful. Then you write for who you love whether she can
read or write or not and whether she is alive or dead."
--Selected Letters, taken from Ernest Hemingway on Writing
Selected Bibliography
The following excerpt is taken from the Ernest
Hemingway
page at the Nobel Prize for Literature web site, found here: Hemingway's Nobel
Prize.
Baker, Carlos. Hemingway: The
Writer as Artist. Fourth edition, Princeton University
Press: Princeton, NJ, 1972.
Bruccoli, Matthew J. (Ed.). Ernest
Hemingway's apprenticeship: Oak Park, 1916-1917. NCR
Microcard Editions: Washington, D.C., 1971.
Bruccoli, Matthew J., and Robert W.
Trogdon (Eds.). The Only Thing That Counts: The Ernest
Hemingway-Maxwell Perkins Correspondence 1925-1947.
Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1996.
Clifford, Stephen P. Beyond the
Heroic "I": Reading Lawrence, Hemingway, and
"masculinity". Bucknell Univ. Press: Cranbury, NJ,
1999.
Hemingway, Ernest. By-Line: Ernest
Hemingway. Selected articles and dispatches of four
decades. Edited by William White, with commentaries by
Philip Young. Collins: London, 1968.
- Complete poems. Edited with
an introduction and notes by Nicholas Gerogiannis. Rev. ed.,
University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, 1992.
- The Complete Short Stories.
The Finca Vigía ed. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York,
1998.
- Death in the Afternoon.
Jonathan Cape: London, 1932.
- Ernest Hemingway: Selected
Letters, 1917-1961. Ed. Carlos Baker. Charles Scribner's
Sons: New York, 1981.
- A Farewell to Arms. Charles
Scribner's Sons: New York, 1929.
- Fiesta. Jonathan Cape:
London, 1927.
- For Whom the Bell Tolls.
Charles Scribner's Sons: New York 1940.
- The Garden of Eden. Charles
Scribner's Sons: New York, 1986.
- Green Hills of Africa.
Charles Scribner's Sons: New York 1935.
- In Our Time. Boni and
Liveright: New York, 1925.
- Islands in the Stream.
Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970.
- A Moveable Feast. Jonathan
Cape: London, 1964.
- The Nick Adams Stories.
Preface by Philip Young. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York,
1972.
- The Old Man and the Sea.
Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1952.
- Selected Letters 1917-1961.
Ed. Carlos Baker. Panther Books/Granada Publishing: London
1985(1981).
- The Snows of Kilimanjaro and
other stories, Charles Scribner's Sons: New York,
1961.
- The Sun also rises. Charles
Scribner's Sons: New York, 1928(1926).
- The Torrents of Spring: A
Romantic Novel in Honor of the Passing of a Great Race.
Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1926.
- Three Stories & Ten Poems:
Ernest Hemingway's First Book. A facsimile of the
original Paris Edition published in 1923. Bruccoli Clark
Books: Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, 1977.
- True at First Light. Edited
with an Introduction by Patrick Hemingway. Arrow Books/Random
House: London 1999.
- Winner Take Nothing. Charles
Scribner's Sons: New York, 1933.
Josephs, Allen. For Whom the Bell
Tolls: Ernest Hemingway's Undiscovered Country. Twayne:
New York, 1994.
Lacasse, Rodolphe. Hemingway et
Malraux: destins de l'homme. Profils; 6, Montréal
1972.
Lynn. Kenneth S. Hemingway.
Simon and Schuster: London, 1987.
Mandel, Miriam. Reading Hemingway:
The Facts in the Fictions. Scarecrow Press: Metuchen, NJ
and London, 1995.
Meyers, Jeffrey. Hemingway: A
Biography. New York, 1985 (Macmillan: London, 1986
(Harper & Row: New York 1985).
Nelson, Gerald B. & Glory Jones.
Hemingway: Life and Works. Facts On File Publications:
New York, 1984.
Phillips, Larry W (Ed). Ernest
Hemingway on Writing. Grafton Books: London, 1986
(1984).
Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: an
Annotated Chronology: an Outline of the Author's Life and
Career Detailing Significant Events, Friendships, Travels,
and Achievements. Omni chronology series, 1 Omnigraphics,
Inc: Detroit, MI, 1991.
Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The
Final Years. W.W. Norton: New York 1999.
Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: the
Homecoming. W.W. Norton: New York, 1999.
Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: the
Paris years. W.W. Norton: New York 1999.
Reynolds, Michael S. The Young
Hemingway. W.W. Norton: New York, 1998.
Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway's
First War: The Making of A Farewell to Arms. Basil
Blackwell: New York and Oxford, 1987 (Princeton U.P.
1976).
Trogdon, Robert W. (Ed.). Ernest
Hemingway: A Documentary Volume. In: Dictionary of Literary
Biography (series) Vol. 210. Gale Research Inc.: Detroit,
Michigan, 1999.
Wagner-Martin, Linda (Ed.). A
Historical Guide to Ernest Hemingway. Oxford University
Press: New York and Oxford, 2000
The John F. Kennedy Library in Boston,
Massachusetts, has an extensive collection of books and
manuscripts, and holds more than 10,000 photos of Ernest
Hemingway.
"In those days you did not really need anything, not even the rabbit's foot, but it was good
to feel it in your pocket."
--A Moveable Feast
Born: Oak Park, Illinois
- July 21, 1899 Died: Ketchum, Idaho
- July 2, 1961 (suicide)
Milestones:
1. Journalist, Kansas City Star - 17 years old, 1917
2. Ambulance Driver, World War I - 18 years old, 1918
- Wounded before 19th birthday
3. Reporter, Toronto Star - Living in Paris, Joins ex-patriot scene
4. First Book: Three Stories and Ten Poems - 1923
5. First Novel: The Torrents of Spring - 1926
6. Next Novel: The Sun Also Rises - 1926
- Hemingway called "Spokesman of the Lost Generation" (Gertrude Stein)
7.The Old Man and the Sea, novella (1952), wins the Pulitzer Prize
8. Hemingway Wins Nobel Prize for Literature (1954)
9. July 2, 1961: Kills himself with shotgun
The following excerpt is taken from the Ernest Hemingway
page at the Nobel Prize for Literature web site, found here: Hemingway's Nobel
Prize.
Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), born
in Oak Park, Illinois, started his career as a writer in a
newspaper office in Kansas City at the age of seventeen. After
the United States entered the First World War, he joined a
volunteer ambulance unit in the Italian army. Serving at the
front, he was wounded, was decorated by the Italian Government,
and spent considerable time in hospitals. After his return to the
United States, he became a reporter for Canadian and American
newspapers and was soon sent back to Europe to cover such events
as the Greek Revolution.
During the twenties, Hemingway became a member of the group of
expatriate Americans in Paris, which he described in his first
important work, The Sun Also Rises (1926). Equally
successful was A Farewell to Arms (1929), the study of an
American ambulance officer's disillusionment in the war and his
role as a deserter. Hemingway used his experiences as a reporter
during the civil war in Spain as the background for his most
ambitious novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). Among his
later works, the most outstanding is the short novel, The Old
Man and the Sea (1952), the story of an old fisherman's
journey, his long and lonely struggle with a fish and the sea,
and his victory in defeat.
Hemingway - himself a great sportsman - liked to portray
soldiers, hunters, bullfighters - tough, at times primitive
people whose courage and honesty are set against the brutal ways
of modern society, and who in this confrontation lose hope and
faith. His straightforward prose, his spare dialogue, and his
predilection for understatement are particularly effective in his
short stories, some of which are collected in Men Without
Women (1927) and The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine
Stories (1938). Hemingway died in Idaho in 1961.
From Nobel Lectures, Literature 1901-1967, Editor Horst Frenz, Elsevier Publishing
Company, Amsterdam, 1969
This autobiography/biography was written
at the time of the award and later published in the book series Les
Prix Nobel/Nobel Lectures. The information is sometimes updated with an
addendum
submitted
by the Laureate. The nobel prize page where this content is found can be located at The
Nobel Prize for Literature: Ernest Hemingway.
As you can see, this site is looking at a major overhaul. Most of the links you'll find at the moment are empty links, and (hopefully) won't take you anywhere.
I'm adding content every day, tweaking templates every day, and I'm shooting for Sunday as a sort of rough draft deadline. In the meantime, I would very much appreciate any comments or tip-off criticism regarding:
1) any glaring template errors (don't worry about empty links);
2) problems with the drop-down menu;
3) too much time opening the $#%@&$ page;
4) potential content that looks good, or that you'd like to see;